FAKTOR RISIKO UNMET NEED KB PASCA PERSALINAN : LITERATURE REVIEW (RISK FACTOR OF UNMET NEED POST PARTUM FAMILY PLANNING : A LITERATURE REVIEW)
Abstrak
Latar belakang : masa setelah melahirkan merupakan masa kritis dengan berbagai risiko, ibu dapat kembali menjadi subur segera setelah atau sebelum menstruasi pada masa nifas terjadi. Sehingga ibu memerlukan KB pasca persalinan (KBPP) namun ibu nifas cenderung tidak ingin menggunakan KB pasca persalinan (unmet need KB) Unmet need KB meningkatkan risiko terjadinya kehamilan yang tidak diinginkan serta meningkatkan risiko kematian dan kesakitan maternal neonatal. Sejumlah penelitian telah meneliti berbagai faktor yang berhubungan dengan unmet need KB di dunia dan memaparkan berbagai faktor risiko minimnya penggunaan KBPP. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi faktor risiko unmet need KB pasca persalinan di dunia.
Metode : metode penelitian ini adalah dengan menggunakan literatur review, Metode pencarian literatur pada studi ini dengan menggunakan PICO, dengan kata kunci “post partum”, “family planning”,”unmet need”, “immediatly contraception post partum”, “risk factor”. Pencarian artikel menggunakan database dari Google Scholar, Pubmed, Scopus dan Science Direct.
Hasil : terdapat 11 artikel yang memenuhi kriteria, dengan faktor risiko yang dapat menyebabkan terjadinya unmet need KBPP terdiri dari faktor sosial demografi (usia , pendidikan, pengetahuan, status perkawinan, status sosial dan ekonomi, dan agama); faktor individual (status menyusui, lama menstruasi, riwayat kb, dukungan suami, sikap dan persepsi tentang KBPP), serta faktor layanan kesehatan (akses kesehatan, konseling kb, ketersediaan alat kontrasepsi, kompetensi tenaga kesehatan dan tempat bersalin). Pendekatan untuk menurunkan unmet need dapat memperhatikan berbagai faktor risiko tersebut sehingga mengurangi dapat kehamilan tidak diinginkan.
Kesimpulan : faktor risiko unmet need KBPP meliputi faktor sosial demografi, faktor individu dan faktor layanan kesehatan.
Kata kunci : risiko, unmet need, KB pasca persalinan, nifas
Referensi
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